I have been teaching through a New Testament Survey class and have become impressed by my utter ignorance on the topic. You’d think after being a Bible believer for over 15 years that I would know the Bible better than I do. Of course I was told to get to know the Bible when I became a Christian, but no one ever really gave me a good plan for doing so. Further, other topics seem to be very useful to learn before digging in to the Word. After a discussion on the subject I decided I needed to think this through a bit and here is what I have come up with so far.
For someone to be a well-educated Christian I think that at least the following areas (assuming a decent general education) need to be covered:
- Logic
- Philosophy
- Apologetics
- Systematic Theology
- Church History
- The Bible
The best order for learning these topics is difficult to decide for each one can affect the others. It might seem that going for Bible knowledge first would be the best, but how one understands what is written in the Bible will be largely determined by what they already think about other things. Thus, I think that critical thinking and philosophy and perhaps even some theology really should come first.
Perhaps the best idea would be to begin with a good Bible reading program in conjunction with these other subjects in their order.
THE BIBLE
When it comes to the Bible I never tell anyone to “just start at the beginning.” This might seem the best way to read a book, but the Bible is not a book - it is a library, a collection of books. And as far as I can tell there is nothing particularly spiritual about reading all of them in order, in fact it might even be confusing. I think a better reading plan would be to cover the main things first and then fill in the details later. So I would recommend first reading Genesis, Exodus, Deuteronomy, Joshua, Judges, 1-2 Samuel, 1-2 Kings, Jeremiah, Daniel, Ezra, Nehemiah, Malachi, Matthew, John, Acts, Romans, and Revelation. This would give a good historical overview of the OT and a good theological overview of the NT. Before any of this though, one should do a basic survey of each book (when we look at a Bible we should not only see it as the library that it is, but we should know “which book we are picking up” before we start reading), and learn a good methodology for reading them.
LOGIC
Being able to think properly is necessary to properly understand anything, thus it is a good idea to learn basic logic or critical thinking early on. The skills developed in this topic will aid in anything one does - from reading Scripture to watching commercials.
PHILOSOPHY
One’s philosophy informs one’s theology to such an extent that many do not even notice that this is the case. It is difficult to escape one’s basic worldview about reality, so we need to make sure that world view is correct. Philosophy teaches us about different world views, and lets us evaluate our basic presuppositions that will drive our further learning.
APOLOGETICS
Apologetics concerns why one believes what they believe. It is generally more basic than theology and thus serves as a good bridge between philosophy and theology. Classical apologetics uses classical philosophy to prove classical theology, so again I would learn that material before branching out.
SYSTEMATIC THEOLOGY
Theology concerns what one believes. Many times believers form opinions about different doctrines without realizing how much one belief affects another. But in order to be coherent one’s entire system must work together. Systematic theology a sort of process of ordering one’s beliefs about different topics so that they all make sense together. It is sort of an overview of belief. It would be best, at first, to learn one’s own tradition - others can be explored later.
CHURCH HISTORY
Once one knows why they believe what they believe it is a good idea to see how beliefs have been formed throughout the Church’s history. Again, a basic overview is best at first to understand the major movements, and to see how the historical forces have shaped what we take for granted today.
SO NOW WHAT?
The best way to accomplish all this would be to take classes at a good school (gratuitous plug: www.SES.edu). But if someone just wants to get going on this all is not lost. The following is a list of books that would give one a good overview of each topic (I have included two per topic - some to cover two areas under one topic or to give both a beginner and advanced treatment of the topic):
The Bible:
- Old / New Testament Survey by Paul Benware
- Living By The Book by Howard Hendricks
Logic:
- Critical Thinking (virtually any textbook)
- Socratic Logic by Peter Kreeft.
Philosophy:
- Sophie’s World by Jostein Gaarder
- An Introduction to Philosophy by Daniel Sullivan
Apologetics:
- Mere Christianity by C. S. Lewis
- I Don’t Have Enough Faith to be an Atheist by Norman Geisler and Frank Turek
Systematic Theology:
- Basic Theology by Charles Ryrie
- A Summa of the Summa by Thomas Aquinas (Peter Kreeft ed.)
Church History:
- Church History In Plain Language by Bruce Shelley
- Our Legacy: The History of Christian Doctrine by John Hannah